Honing tool



May 790930 C. F. HIGH 2,000,330

HONING TOOL Filed Nov. 27, 193?) j if@ Y @aff/W' @ff fg/Mr? Patented May 7, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT Vol-FicE HONING TOOL Carl F. mth. Flint, Mich.

Application November 27, 1933, Serial No. 699,843

13 Claims. (Cl. 51-184.1)

More particularly the invention relates to a detail a preferred embodiment of the invention rotary honing tool yadapted for finishing bores together with a modified form thereof, with the of relatively small diameters, with extreme acunderstanding that I do not intend to limit the curacy. invention to the particular construction and ar- The finishing of small holes, such for example rangement shown, it being contemplated that 5 as are used for cylinder bores in small pumps, various changes may be made by those skilled presents a distinct problem because of the fact in the art without departing from the spirit and that it is necessary to hold the tolerance of holes, scope of the appended claims. as small as one-quarter inch in diameter, to a In the form illustrated in Figs. l to 3, the inlo straightness, roundness and smoothness of less vention comprises a rotary supporting member than one-tenth of one-thousandth of an inch, I0 having a cylindrical portion I0 adapted for and furthermore, on a production basis, it is necinsertion into the bore of the work piece. Preferessary to hold the cost of the finishing operation ably the cylindrical portion I0 is of a diameter down to a very small amount per hole. It is providing a running fit in the bore to be finished l5 an object of the invention to provide a new and and has an elongated diametrically extending 15 improved honing tool adapted to finish such small recess Il intermediate its ends. 'This recess is diameter bores with the desired accuracy. shown as having a straight wall I2 at its lower Another object iS to 'provide o rotary honing end, an upper wall with beveled surfaces at I3 tool embodying new and improved means for and I4, and straight parallel sides I5 and I6.

forcing the stones outwardly against the wall of A pair of elongated stones or hones I1 and I8 20 the bore being finished S0 as to provide a uniare slidably mounted in the recess II for moveform Pressure of the Stones against the Work ment radially of the rotary member I0. Preferthroughout the length of the StoneS- ably the stones have parallel side surfaces so Another Object iS t0 Provide a new and imas to slide like pistons in the recess II, the

proved honing tool comprising n Supporting recess, in effect, forming a pair of radially exmember having a cylindrical portion of o damtending cylinders. As illustrated, the hones are eter to provide a running fit in the bore to be `beveled at their ends, the upper ends being bevnished, together With o plnlallty of Stones eled to correspond with the beveled surfaces of mounted on Said Supporting member for movethe end wall of the recess. At its lower end ment outwardly into engagement with the wall the rotary member "l has a pol-tion 20 of re 30 of the bore. duced diameter on which a tubular bushing 2| Another object 1 s to provide e rotary hydroullois siidabiy mounted. At its upper end said bushally operated homng 0001 embodying 111993115 for ing has an outwardly flared annular flange 22 the utilizing a portion of the fluid to centrahze the upper edge of which engages the beveled lower pressure on a rotating stone supporting member. ends of the hones l1 and `|3 The bushing le 35 Another object is to provide a rotary hydraulic no1.madly urged upwardly into engagement with honing tool wherein fluid under pressure for exthe bones by means of a celled spring 23 posl 'pending the Stones flows through the tool and tioned intermediate the lower end of ine bushinto the bore being finished, and serves las a mg and a spur, ring 24 (Figs. l and 3) secured 40 cooling medium for the stones and also serves to in an annular groove in the portion 20 A5 111115- 4o wash Out the material removedtrated in Fig. 1, the upward movement of the Further objects will become readily apparent bushing is nmited by the engagement; of 9, conical from the following detailed description, taken in surface 25 on the bushing flange 22, with a, corre.. connection With the accompanying drawing. in sponding conical surface 26 on the rotary memwhich: ber I0. 45

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal central section through The hones l1 and I8 are thus normally retained a honing tool, shown connected toa Pressure fluid in the recess Il by means of the beveled; sursupply. faces I3 and I4 on the upper end wall of the re- Fig- 2 iS 8 Section along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. cess and the spring pressed bushing 2 I. A curved Fig. 3 is a section along the line 3--3 of Fig. 1. spring 21 is preferably provided intermediate the 50 Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view, partly in central hones so as to hold them yieldably in extended section, of a modified form of honing tool. positions as determined by the limiting surfaces Fig. 5 is a section along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4. 25 and 26. For purposes of disclosure Ihave illustrated in As illustrated herein the upper end of the the drawings and shall hereinafter describe in rotary member III is secured to one end of a 66,

tubular flexible coupling 30, ,the other end of which is secured to the lower end of a tool shank 3| The shank 3| is rotatably mounted in a nonrotatably supported member 32 and extends upwardly therethrough so that its upper end 3| may be secured in a suitable chuck, for example, on a drill press or other machine tool whereby the shank and the member carried thereon may be given a rotary movement, as well as a vertical oscillatory'v movement. 'I'he member 32 is preferably provided with a port 33 adapted for connection to one end of a suitable conduit 34, the other end of which is connected to a supply of a fluid under pressure, the fluid being adapted to pass through the port 33 to an annular chamber 35 formed in the member 32 surrounding the shank 3|. From this chamber the fluid passes through a. radial port 36 in the shank and an axial port 31 therein, then through the flexible coupling 30 and an axial passage 38 in the rotary member I0, the lower end of which passage communicates with the central portion of the recess In this manner fluid supplied through the conduit 34 is conducted into the space between the hones l1 and I8 so that it may act directly against the inner surfaces of the hones and force them outwardly into engagement with the work.

In the exemplary form of the invention the conduit 34 is connected, through a valve 40, to the lower portion of a fluid supply tank 4|. The upper portion of the tank is connected by means of a pipe 42 and a valve 43 to a suitable air supply conduit 44. The valve 43 is preferably included for the purpose of controlling the pressure ofthe air admitted to the tank, a gage 45 being provided for indicating the pressure of the air in the line 44. A gage 46 indicates the pressure within the tank. By this means the pressure of the fluid supplied to the `tool may be adjusted and may be kept constant at any desired value.

The uid used may be kerosene or any other liquid found suitable for the type of stones and the material being finished. Preferably the fluid is used not only to exert a working pressure on the hones, which pressure is adjustable and controllable, and distributed and uniform throughout the length of the hone, but also to centralize the pressure on the rotating member and to wash out the material being removed from the work. To this end the rotary member Ill is preferably provided with flat portions 50 on its periphery intermediate the stones, and ports 5| connecting the cavities formed by the flat portions with the recess Il. Fluid passes out from the recess into the space surrounding the rotary member so as to Wash out the removed material, and also so as to exert equal pressure on opposite sides of the member I to centralize said member. With a running t of the cylindrical portion of the supporting member in the bore being finished, the discharge of fluid is somewhat restricted, permitting the proper pressure to be maintained on the stones. A tool for finishing 155" diameter bores, and provided with a plurality of stones has operated emciently with a running t clearance of approximately .0006 of an inch and a fluid pressure of about 80 pounds per square inch. In addition to these functions of the fluid, the iluid serves as a means for cooling the hones, the direct contact of the fluid with the hones along their entire inner surfaces and the flow of fluid through the tool greatly facilitating this cooling action.

In the form illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, a

rotary member I0" is provided with a recess which extends radially from an axial passage Il', a single stone I8' being provided. In this form of the invention flat spots 50 on the periphery of the member are supplied with fluid under pres-v sure through ports the flat spots and stone being spaced apart equally around the member.

In use, as mentioned hereinbefore, the tool is mounted by means of the shank 3| in the chuck of a suitable machine so that the tool may be rotated and at the same time oscillated axially. When the cylindrical stone carrying portion of the tool operates with a running fit in the bore being finished the clearance between the supporting member and the wall of the bore is quite small, so that the stones project but a slight distance from the member I0. Inl operation, therefore, the stones are retracted from the positions illustrated in the drawing. The springen serves merely to hold the stones in initial engagement with the bore being finished, the pressure of the spring and also the centrifugal force on the stones when rotating being inadequate to provide a cutting pressure. The cutting pressure is obtained by vmeans of the fluid acting against the inner surfaces of the stones, the stones themselves acting as pistons. As the presure on the stones regulates the speed of cutting, this may be varied for stones of different hardness and for different classes of work. For a given type of stone and a given class ot work the amount of material removed from the wall of a bore is a function of the pressure of the stones against the wall, and the length of time the stones are in contact with the wall. With a construction such as illustrated herein, wherein means is provided for adjusting and maintaining the pressure of the fluid against the stones, the bores in a plurality of work pieces may be finished to close limits of uniformity by maintaining the stones in contact with the work for a predetermined number of revolutions of the tool.

^ I claim as my invention:

1. A rotary honing tool comprising, in combination, a supporting member having a cylindrical portion of a diameter providing a running fit in the hole to be finished, and having a diametrically extending recess provided with parallel side walls, a pair of stones positioned in said recess for movement radially therein, said member having a passage for supplying fluid under pressure to said recess between said stones so as to urge the stones outwardly into engagement with the work, and a port leading to the periphery of the member discharging the fluid under pressure to the bore being finished.

2. A rotary honing tool comprising, in combination, a supporting member having a cylindrical portion of a diameter providing a running flt in the hole to be finished, and having a diametrically extending recess provided with parallel side walls, and a pair of elongated stones positioned in said recess for movement radially therein, said member having a passage for supplying fluid under pressure to said recess between said stones sothat the fluid exerts an expanding pressure throughout the length of the stones and urges the stones outwardly into engagement with the work.

3. A honing tool comprising, in combination, a supporting member having a cylindrical portion of a diameter to provide a running flt in the bore the tool is intended to finish, and a plurality of stones carried on said supporting member for movement outwardly into engagement with the wall of the bore, said supporting member having radially extending recesses intermediate the ends of the cylindrical portion in which the stones are movably mounted, and a passage communicating with the radial recesses for supplying a fluid under pressure to the inner surfaces of the stones to urge the stones outwardly.

4. A honing tool comprising, in combination, a supporting member having a cylindrical portion of a diameter to provide a running fit in the bore the tool is intended to finish, and a stone carried on said supporting member for movement outwardly into engagement; with the wall of the bore, said supporting member having a recess in which the stone is movably mounted, and means for supplying a uid under pressure to the inner surface of the stone to urge the stone outwardly.

. 5. A honing tool comprising, in combination, a.A supporting member adapted to be rotated and to be reciprocated longitudinally during a finishing operation, said supporting member having a stone receiving recess and cylindrical portions adjacent each end of said recess. adapted for a running t in the bore to be finished, a stone mounted in said recess for movement outwardly into engagement with thewall of the bore, and means for supplying uid under pressure to said recess for urging said stone outwardly and for maintaining a predetermined uniformly distributed working pressure of the stone against the surface being finished.

6.' A rotary honing tool comprising, in combination, a supporting member having a diametrically extending recess provided with parallel side walls, a pair of elongated stones positioned in said recess for movement radially therein, said member having a passage for supplying uid under pressure to said recess between said stones so as to urge the stones outwardly like pistons into engagement with the work, and ports leading to the periphery of the member intermediate the stones for discharging thefluid under pressure to the bore beingnished.

7. A honing tool comprising, in combination, a rotary member having a recess intermediate its ends, a stone slidable inl said recess for movement outwardly of said member, yieldable means for retaining said stone in said recess, and means for supplying fluid under pressure directly against the inner surface of said stone so as to exert a working pressure on the stone against the work, and for discharging the fluid at a restricted rate into the bore being finished to wash out the material removed.

8. A honing tool comprising, in combination,

a rotary member having a recess intermediate its ends, a stone slidable in said recess for movement outwardly of said member, yieldable means for retaining said stone in said recess, and means for supplying fluid under pressure directly against the inner surface of said stone so as to exert a working pressure on the stone against the work.

9. A honing tool comprising, in combination, a rotary member, a stone mounted for movement outwardly of said member, and means for supplying fluid under pressure directly against the entire inner surface of said stone so as to exert a uniformly distributed working pressure on the Vstone against the work.

10. A honing tool comprising, in combination, a member having a recess therein, a stone tted to slide in said recess4 like a piston and to project beyond the surface of the member for engagement with a work piece to be finished, and means for supplying pressure fluid to the inner end of said recess to urge the stone outwardly and to cool the stone.

11. A honing tool comprising, in combination, a rotary supporting member, a hone carried on said member for movement radially thereof, and means for moving said hone outwardly into engagement with a workpiece and for cooling the hone comprising a pressure fluid passage in said `member for supplying fluid to the inner surface of the hone, and a restricted outlet passage for the fluid so as to maintain a pressure against said hone and at the same time permit a constant ow of uid through the supporting member.

12. A honingtool comprising, in combination,

4a rotary member having a radially extending recesstherein, a stone fitted to move radially in said recess like a piston, and means for supplying pressure fiuid to the inner end of said recess to urge the stone outwardly.

13. A rotary honing tool comprising, in combination, a supporting member having a cylindrical portion of a diameter to provide a running t in the bore the tool is intended to finish, and a plurality of elongated radially extending slots provided with parallel sides, a plurality of elongated stones slidably mounted in said slots for movement outwardly of said member, said member having a passage for supplying fluid under pressure to the inner surfaces of said stones, and a plurality of outlet ports for discharging uid into the bore being finished so as to lubricate the bore and to wash away the material removed.

CARL F. HIGH. 

